The key thing to understand is: you usually can’t change the phone number until you successfully sign in, so the solution depends on whether you can still access your account another way.
When signing in to your Microsoft Surface Book or any Microsoft device:
Click “I don’t have access to this number” or “Use another verification option”
Try:
Alternate email address (if added earlier)
Authenticator app (if you ever set up Microsoft Authenticator)
Backup codes (if saved earlier)
If any of this works, you can log in and then update your phone number immediately.
Another option:
Go to the official recovery page: https://account.live.com/acsr
Enter your email and fill out the form carefully
Provide as details as possible.
Once you can log in you will be able to remove old phone no. and add the new. Turn on 2-step verification.